Cyber Threats 2025: The Most Common Attacks and How to Defend Against Them

April 12, 2025

Every day, thousands of cyberattacks target businesses and professionals, exploiting vulnerabilities in systems and data security. Awareness is the first step toward protection. With the NIS2 compliance deadline approaching, organizations must be particularly vigilant against these threats.

Ransomware on the Rise

Ransomware remains one of the most severe threats. In 2024 alone, over 5,000 significant global attacks were recorded up 15% from the previous year. Critical infrastructure was hit especially hard, causing severe service disruptions and financial damage. In some cases, such as the Synnovis pathology lab breach in the UK, ransomware even delayed medical care. Organizations subject to NIS2 baseline security measures must implement robust protection against these attacks.

Phishing and Social Engineering

Phishing techniques are increasingly sophisticated, often powered by AI to craft realistic messages that trick users into revealing credentials or sensitive data. Staff awareness and advanced security tools are crucial to mitigate these risks. Our NIS2 compliance guide provides detailed recommendations for addressing these threats.

Supply Chain Attacks

These attacks target vulnerabilities in vendors or partners to compromise broader systems. One weak link in the supply chain can create a cascade of damage across multiple organizations. This is particularly concerning for organizations preparing for NIS2 compliance, as supply chain security is a key component of the directive's requirements.

Defense Strategies

• NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0: Provides updated guidelines for identifying, protecting, detecting, responding to, and recovering from cyber incidents. Read the framework.
• ACN National Strategy: Italy's national approach promotes public-private cooperation, skilled workforce development, and strict cybersecurity standards. Explore the strategy.

Cybersecurity in 2025 demands proactive planning, constant vigilance, and alignment with trusted standards to ensure operational continuity and resilience. Organizations should leverage our Virtual CISO service to strengthen their security posture and prepare for NIS2 compliance.